Research Article
Sybil Attack Prevention and Detection Mechanism in VANET Based on Multi-factor Authentication
Ermias Melku Tadesse*
,
Abubeker Girma,
Abebaw Mebrte
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2026
Pages:
1-12
Received:
12 December 2025
Accepted:
30 December 2025
Published:
23 January 2026
Abstract: In recent years, there has been fast development within the area of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET). In the future, VANET communication will play a first-rate position in improving the protection and performance of the transportation system. If security isn't always furnished in VANET, then it may result in apparent misapplication. One of the dangerous or risky attacks in VANETs is the Sybil, which forges fake identities inside the network to disrupt or compromise the communication among the network nodes. Sybil attacks have an effect on the carrier transport associated with road safety, traffic congestion, multimedia entertainment and others. Thus, VANETs claim for a security mechanism to prevent Sybil attacks. Within this context, this paper proposes a mechanism, known as Sybil Attack Prevention and Detection Mechanism in VANET based on Multi-Factor Authentication (SAPDMV), to detect Sybil attacks in VANETs based on Multi-Factor Authentication. The proposed system works based on the principle of registration, and use identification number, status, Maximum and minimal threshold value and security key for the verification. The paper proposes a Sybil Attack Prevention and Detection Mechanism in VANET (SAPDMV) based on multifactor authentication. The mechanism uses vehicle identification, status, security key, and both minimum and maximum speed thresholds to authenticate nodes and detect Sybil attacks. Implemented and tested using Network Simulator-2.35, the system demonstrates an improved detection rate, reduced false positive and false negative rates, and enhanced network performance metrics such as end-to-end delay, throughput, and packet delivery ratio. The simulation result shows our proposed algorithm enhances detection rate, false positive rate, and false negative rate. The proposed solution is improved to 96%, 5%, and 4%, respectively, compared with the Sybil attack-AODV and existing/old work. The approach is scalable and effective in real-world VANET environments, making it a promising framework for future intelligent transportation systems.
Abstract: In recent years, there has been fast development within the area of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET). In the future, VANET communication will play a first-rate position in improving the protection and performance of the transportation system. If security isn't always furnished in VANET, then it may result in apparent misapplication. One of the dan...
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Research Article
GIS and Remote Sensing-Driven Physical Land Suitability Analysis for Optimal Teff Crop Production: A Case Study of Mieso District, West Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia
Mekonen Hunde Geletu*
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2026
Pages:
13-21
Received:
2 January 2026
Accepted:
14 January 2026
Published:
31 January 2026
Abstract: This research investigates the physical land suitability for teff (Eragrostis tef) cultivation in Mieso District, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) techniques. Teff is a staple crop of major economic and food security importance in Ethiopia; however, its productivity is strongly influenced by variations in environmental and agro-ecological conditions. Therefore, identifying suitable land for teff cultivation is essential for sustainable agricultural planning and improved crop yields. The study integrates multiple biophysical factors that significantly affect teff growth, including soil type, altitude, slope, rainfall, and temperature. Spatial datasets were collected from satellite imagery, digital elevation models, soil databases, and meteorological records. These datasets were processed and analyzed using GIS tools. A multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach, specifically a weighted overlay analysis, was applied to evaluate and classify land suitability based on the relative importance of each factor. The results indicate that areas characterized by gentle slopes, favorable elevations, nutrient-rich soils, and suitable climatic conditions exhibit high to moderate suitability for teff cultivation. In particular, regions receiving annual rainfall between 800 and 1200 mm and experiencing moderate temperatures were identified as the most suitable zones. Conversely, areas with steep slopes, poor soil conditions, or unfavorable climatic characteristics were classified as marginally suitable or unsuitable. The findings demonstrate a strong relationship between agro-ecological conditions and teff productivity in the study area. This research provides valuable spatial information that can support farmers, planners, and policymakers in optimizing land use decisions. Ultimately, the study contributes to enhancing agricultural productivity, promoting sustainable land management, and strengthening food security in the Mieso District and similar agro-ecological settings.
Abstract: This research investigates the physical land suitability for teff (Eragrostis tef) cultivation in Mieso District, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) techniques. Teff is a staple crop of major economic and food security importance in Ethiopia; however, its productivity is stro...
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