Research Article
Bacteriological Analysis and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Wastewater Effluent, From Alex Ekwueme Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakiliki, Ebonyi State Nigeria
Onu Euslar Nnenna*
,
Ilang Donatus Chukwuma,
Eze Blessing,
Onu Henrrienta Chinaemerem,
Obaji Ezekiel Amuche
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 4, December 2026
Pages:
58-65
Received:
13 September 2026
Accepted:
27 September 2026
Published:
23 October 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.fem.20261204.11
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Abstract: This research paper was conducted to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacterial isolates which were obtained in the hospital wastewater of Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki (AE-FETHA). The bacterial isolates were identified using selective culture media, Gram staining, and biochemical tests. The findings revealed that the most common pathogens in the hospital wastewater were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, and Shigella spp. The resistance of Staphylococcus aureus was the highest and all the isolates were resistant to pefloxacin, 60% to gentamicin, and 80 percent to rifampicin. The isolates of Escherichia coli had 100% resistance to pefloxacin, Ampiclox, and Amoxicillin and 75% resistant to ciprofloxacin. Salmonella spp. had 100% resistance to Ampiclox and Amoxicillin, 66.7% resistance to Zithromax and 100% resistance to rifampicin. Shigella spp. was 100 percent resistant to Ampiclox, Amoxicillin, rifampicin and ciprofloxacin and half of the isolates were resistant to Zithromax. These results revealed that multidrug resistance in hospital wastewater is very high and thus there is a call to enhance infection control, antimicrobial stewardship, and wastewater management behaviors in hospitals and antimicrobial resistance patterns should be monitored regularly to reduce the diffusion of the resistant pathogen.
Abstract: This research paper was conducted to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacterial isolates which were obtained in the hospital wastewater of Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki (AE-FETHA). The bacterial isolates were identified using selective culture media, Gram staining, and biochemical tests. The findings...
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