Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria

Eno Anietie Moses; Bassey Annie Etuk; Essien Daniel Udosen

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13

| Peer-Reviewed

Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria

Eno Anietie Moses, Bassey Annie Etuk, Essien Daniel Udosen

Published in International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology (Volume 1, Issue 3)

Received: 7 August 2016 Accepted: 12 September 2016 Published: 14 October 2016

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

This study sought to assess ecological risk of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments collected from Qua Iboe River Estuary (QIRE).Sediment samples were collected from five stations and a control station along the estuary in the dry and wet seasons. PAHs in sediments were measured using gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionisation detector (GC/FID), and ecological risk on benthic organisms exposed to PAHs in sediment were evaluated using threshold effect concentration hazard quotient (TEC-HQ) and mean effect range median quotient (m –ERM-q) method prescribed by USEPA. The concentration of high molecular weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs) in the dry season ranged from1.225E-03 to 1.328E-01 whereas during the wet season it ranged from 2.420E-03 to 7.690E-02. The were no significant differences (P<0.05) between the PAH levels for the wet and dry seasons.The results for the TEC-HQ and m –ERM-q values of HMW-PAHs for both seasons were less than the threshold values of 1 and 0.1, respectively. Hence, exposure to PAHs in sediments from QIRE may not pose any adverse biological effect on benthic organisms. However, regular monitoring of the level of HMW-PAHs in the sediment within QIRE is advocated to avoid bioaccumulation of organic pollutants.

Published in	International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology (Volume 1, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13
Page(s)	76-81
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Ecological Risks, Qua Iboe River Estuary, Sediments

References

[1]	Y. Yi, Z. Yang, S. Zhang. Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediment and human health assessment of heavy metals in fishes from Yangtze River basin. Env.Poll., vol. 159 pp 2575-2585, 2011.
[2]	M. Havelcova, A. Melagy and S. Rapant. Geochemical distribution ofPAHs insoil and sediments of El-Tabbin, Egypt. Chemosphere, vol. 95 pp 63-74, 2014.
[3]	M. Sinae and A. Maschinchian. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the coastal sea water, the surface sediment and mudskipper (boleophthalmusdussumieri) from coastal areas of Persian Gulf: Source investigation, composition pattern and spatial distribution. J. Environ. Health Sci. and Engr., vol. 12 pp 59-64, 2014.
[4]	L. Traven. Sources, trend and ecotoxicological risk of PAH pollution in surface sediments from the northern Adriatic Sea (Croatia). Mar. Poll. Bull, vol. 77 pp 445-450, 2013.
[5]	USEPA.Framework for ecological risk assessment EPA/ 630/ R.92/ 001. Risk assessment forum, USEPA, Washington D. C., 1992.
[6]	K. A. Ibe, J. O. Offem, U. J.Ibok, T. U.Nganje and E. R.Akpan. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon flux in Qua Iboe River system, Eastern Nigeria.African J. Environ. Poll. Health, vol. 4(4) pp 44-51, 2005.
[7]	C.Anyakora, A. Ogbeche, P. Palmer and A. Coker. Determination of PAHs in marine samples of Siokolo fishing settlements. J Chromat, vol. A1073 pp 323-330, 2005.
[8]	O. M. Olabemiwo, A. C. Alade, A. C. Tella and G. O.Adediran. Assessment of polycyclic aromatic content in smoked C.gariepinnusand T.guineensis fish species available in western Nigeria. Int. J. Basic and Appl. Sci., vol. 11(2) pp 135-150, 2011.
[9]	M. A. Khairy, M. Kolb, A. Mostafa, A. El-Fiky, and M. Bahadir. Risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a Mediterranean semi-enclosed basin affected by human activities (Abu Qir Bay, Egypt). J.Hazard. Mat., vol. 170 pp 389-397, 2009.
[10]	E. R. Long, D. D. Macdonald, C. G.Geven and C. B. Hong. Classifying probabilities of acute toxicity in marine sediment with empirically derived sediment quality guidelines. Environ. Toxicol.and Chem., vol. 19(10) pp 2598-2601, 2000.
[11]	J. Li, S. Xu, Z. Zhao, R. Tanguy, Q. Dong and C. Huang. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in water, sediment, soil and plants of the Aojiong river waterway in Wenzhou, China. Environ. Assess., vol. 5 pp 56-67, 2009.
[12]	The Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality Document (ANZECC), 2000. http://www.mfe.govt.nz/fresh-water/tools-and-guidelines/anzecc-2000-guidelines. Accessed on: 15th March, 2015.
[13]	K. Srogi. Monitoring of environmental exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon: A review.Environ. Chem. Lett., vol. 5 pp 169 - 195, 2007.
[14]	A. Witter, M. Nguyen, S.Baider and P. Sak. Coal-tar based sea lcoated pavement: A major source to urban stream sediments. Environ. Poll., vol. 185pp 59-68, 2014.
[15]	M. A. Shreadah, T. O. Said, M. I. Monem, E. I. Fathallah, and M. Mahmoud. PAHs in sediment along the semi-enclosed areas of Alexandria, Egypt. J. Environ. Protect., vol. 2 pp 700-709, 2011.
[16]	M. Tobiszewski and J. Namiesnik. PAH diagnostic ratios for the identification of pollution emission sources. Environ. Poll., vol. 162 pp 110-119, 2012.
[17]	E. Nasher, L. Heng, Z. Zakari and S. Surif. Assessing the ecological risk of PAHs in sediment at Langkavi Island, Malaysia. Sci. World J.,vol. 13 pp 1-6, 2013.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Eno Anietie Moses, Bassey Annie Etuk, Essien Daniel Udosen. (2016). Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria. International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology, 1(3), 76-81. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Eno Anietie Moses; Bassey Annie Etuk; Essien Daniel Udosen. Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria. Int. J. Ecotoxicol. Ecobiol. 2016, 1(3), 76-81. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Eno Anietie Moses, Bassey Annie Etuk, Essien Daniel Udosen. Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria. Int J Ecotoxicol Ecobiol. 2016;1(3):76-81. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13,
  author = {Eno Anietie Moses and Bassey Annie Etuk and Essien Daniel Udosen},
  title = {Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria},
  journal = {International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology},
  volume = {1},
  number = {3},
  pages = {76-81},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijee.20160103.13},
  abstract = {This study sought to assess ecological risk of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments collected from Qua Iboe River Estuary (QIRE).Sediment samples were collected from five stations and a control station along the estuary in the dry and wet seasons. PAHs in sediments were measured using gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionisation detector (GC/FID), and ecological risk on benthic organisms exposed to PAHs in sediment were evaluated using threshold effect concentration hazard quotient (TEC-HQ) and mean effect range median quotient (m –ERM-q) method prescribed by USEPA. The concentration of high molecular weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs) in the dry season ranged from1.225E-03 to 1.328E-01 whereas during the wet season it ranged from 2.420E-03 to 7.690E-02. The were no significant differences (P<0.05) between the PAH levels for the wet and dry seasons.The results for the TEC-HQ and m –ERM-q values of HMW-PAHs for both seasons were less than the threshold values of 1 and 0.1, respectively. Hence, exposure to PAHs in sediments from QIRE may not pose any adverse biological effect on benthic organisms. However, regular monitoring of the level of HMW-PAHs in the sediment within QIRE is advocated to avoid bioaccumulation of organic pollutants.},
 year = {2016}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria
AU  - Eno Anietie Moses
AU  - Bassey Annie Etuk
AU  - Essien Daniel Udosen
Y1  - 2016/10/14
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13
T2  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JF  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JO  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
SP  - 76
EP  - 81
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1735
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13
AB  - This study sought to assess ecological risk of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments collected from Qua Iboe River Estuary (QIRE).Sediment samples were collected from five stations and a control station along the estuary in the dry and wet seasons. PAHs in sediments were measured using gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionisation detector (GC/FID), and ecological risk on benthic organisms exposed to PAHs in sediment were evaluated using threshold effect concentration hazard quotient (TEC-HQ) and mean effect range median quotient (m –ERM-q) method prescribed by USEPA. The concentration of high molecular weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs) in the dry season ranged from1.225E-03 to 1.328E-01 whereas during the wet season it ranged from 2.420E-03 to 7.690E-02. The were no significant differences (P<0.05) between the PAH levels for the wet and dry seasons.The results for the TEC-HQ and m –ERM-q values of HMW-PAHs for both seasons were less than the threshold values of 1 and 0.1, respectively. Hence, exposure to PAHs in sediments from QIRE may not pose any adverse biological effect on benthic organisms. However, regular monitoring of the level of HMW-PAHs in the sediment within QIRE is advocated to avoid bioaccumulation of organic pollutants.
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Eno Anietie Moses

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Bassey Annie Etuk

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Essien Daniel Udosen

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Eno Anietie Moses, Bassey Annie Etuk, Essien Daniel Udosen. (2016). Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria. International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology, 1(3), 76-81. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Eno Anietie Moses; Bassey Annie Etuk; Essien Daniel Udosen. Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria. Int. J. Ecotoxicol. Ecobiol. 2016, 1(3), 76-81. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Eno Anietie Moses, Bassey Annie Etuk, Essien Daniel Udosen. Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria. Int J Ecotoxicol Ecobiol. 2016;1(3):76-81. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13,
  author = {Eno Anietie Moses and Bassey Annie Etuk and Essien Daniel Udosen},
  title = {Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria},
  journal = {International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology},
  volume = {1},
  number = {3},
  pages = {76-81},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijee.20160103.13},
  abstract = {This study sought to assess ecological risk of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments collected from Qua Iboe River Estuary (QIRE).Sediment samples were collected from five stations and a control station along the estuary in the dry and wet seasons. PAHs in sediments were measured using gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionisation detector (GC/FID), and ecological risk on benthic organisms exposed to PAHs in sediment were evaluated using threshold effect concentration hazard quotient (TEC-HQ) and mean effect range median quotient (m –ERM-q) method prescribed by USEPA. The concentration of high molecular weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs) in the dry season ranged from1.225E-03 to 1.328E-01 whereas during the wet season it ranged from 2.420E-03 to 7.690E-02. The were no significant differences (P<0.05) between the PAH levels for the wet and dry seasons.The results for the TEC-HQ and m –ERM-q values of HMW-PAHs for both seasons were less than the threshold values of 1 and 0.1, respectively. Hence, exposure to PAHs in sediments from QIRE may not pose any adverse biological effect on benthic organisms. However, regular monitoring of the level of HMW-PAHs in the sediment within QIRE is advocated to avoid bioaccumulation of organic pollutants.},
 year = {2016}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria
AU  - Eno Anietie Moses
AU  - Bassey Annie Etuk
AU  - Essien Daniel Udosen
Y1  - 2016/10/14
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13
T2  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JF  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JO  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
SP  - 76
EP  - 81
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1735
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13
AB  - This study sought to assess ecological risk of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments collected from Qua Iboe River Estuary (QIRE).Sediment samples were collected from five stations and a control station along the estuary in the dry and wet seasons. PAHs in sediments were measured using gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionisation detector (GC/FID), and ecological risk on benthic organisms exposed to PAHs in sediment were evaluated using threshold effect concentration hazard quotient (TEC-HQ) and mean effect range median quotient (m –ERM-q) method prescribed by USEPA. The concentration of high molecular weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs) in the dry season ranged from1.225E-03 to 1.328E-01 whereas during the wet season it ranged from 2.420E-03 to 7.690E-02. The were no significant differences (P<0.05) between the PAH levels for the wet and dry seasons.The results for the TEC-HQ and m –ERM-q values of HMW-PAHs for both seasons were less than the threshold values of 1 and 0.1, respectively. Hence, exposure to PAHs in sediments from QIRE may not pose any adverse biological effect on benthic organisms. However, regular monitoring of the level of HMW-PAHs in the sediment within QIRE is advocated to avoid bioaccumulation of organic pollutants.
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download