Detection of Activity Concentration, Dose Rate, Absorbed Dose and Effective Annual Dose of Radionuclide's Around Fertilizer and Pesticide Stores, Al-Jazeera Project in Sudan

Hafiz Fatelrahman Babeker Fadl Alla; Mahmoud Hamid Mmahmoud Hilo; Ahmed Al Hassan Alfaki

doi:doi:10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11

| Peer-Reviewed

Detection of Activity Concentration, Dose Rate, Absorbed Dose and Effective Annual Dose of Radionuclide's Around Fertilizer and Pesticide Stores, Al-Jazeera Project in Sudan

Hafiz Fatelrahman Babeker Fadl Alla, Mahmoud Hamid Mmahmoud Hilo, Ahmed Al Hassan Alfaki

Published in Radiation Science and Technology (Volume 7, Issue 3)

Received: 15 February 2021 Accepted: 26 March 2021 Published: 10 July 2021

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

This paper demonstrates the evaluation of radiological risk factors due to terrestrial radionuclides in soil, about the stores of pesticides and fertilizers for Al-Jazeera agricultural project in Al-Hasahisa, Sudan, to address the issue of the natural radioactivity of this area. Hence, levels of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, ²²⁸Ra, ⁴⁰K and 137Ci in the soil were calculated (by using germanium detector), and then the radiation risk parameters were calculated. its including radioactivity concentration Bq/kg, absorbed dose D, and effective annual dose E, its due to inhalation of radon (222Rn) and consumption of potassium (⁴⁰K), radium (²²⁶Ra), radium (²²⁸Ra), thorium (²³²Th) and mean activity concentrations±deviation The norms for the five primitive radionuclides were, respectively, 268.98±5.22, 14.54±0.2, 15.31±1.54, 20.45±0.96, and 0.34±0.19 Bq kg^-1. This results somewhat normal distribution of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. The results obtained indicate that some radiation risk factors appear to be unfavorable. The mean average absorbed dose±standard deviation (30.54±2.71) nGyh^-1 was a slightly normal distribution of the average value of 30.54 nGy/ h, and the Average annual effective dose E (µSVyear^-1)±standard deviation (37.48±3.32).) SVyear^-1 was a slightly normalized distribution of the value of SVyear^-1 its compared with the data of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. The study focuses light on the demand to develop a comprehensive program for radiation protection in Sudan and in agricultural projects that constantly use pesticides and fertilizers for regulatory oversight.

Published in	Radiation Science and Technology (Volume 7, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11
Page(s)	47-52
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Activity Concentrations, Radiation Hazard, Soil, Stores of Fertilizer, Pesticides, Al Jazeera Agricultural Project

References

[1]	Chandrajith, Rohana, et al. "Natural radionuclides and trace elements in rice field soils in relation to fertilizer application: study of a chronic kidney disease area in Sri Lanka. J" Environmental Earth Sciences (2010): 60.1, 193-201.
[2]	Chauhan P, Chauhan RP, Gupta M. Estimation of naturally occurring radionuclides in fertilizers using gamma spectrometry and elemental analysis by XRF and XRD techniques. Microchemical J. (2013), 106: 73-8.
[3]	IDRISS, Hajo, et al. Environmental impact assessment of natural radioactivity around a traditional mining area in Al-Ibedia, Sudan. Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology, 2016, 70.4: 783-792.‏
[4]	Bai H, Hu B, Wang C, Bao S, Sai G, Xu X, Zhang S, Li Y. Assessment of Radioactive Materials and Heavy Metals in the Surface Soil around the Bayanwula Prospective Uranium Mining Area in China. International journal of environmental research and public health. (2017), 14 (3): 300.
[5]	Smith, Laurence, et al. "Mitigation of diffuse water pollution from agriculture in England and China, and the scope for policy transfer. J " Land Use Policy (2017): 61, 208-219.
[6]	Hassan NM, Chang BU, Tokonami S. Comparison of Natural Radioactivity of Commonly Used Fertilizer Materials in Egypt and Japan. Journal of Chemistry. (2017), 2017: 1-9.
[7]	Einas H. O., SalihI and A. Khatri Sam., GIS mapping and assessment of terrestrial gamma-radiation in Northern state, J. Radiation Protection Dosimetry. (2012), 3 (151): 1-11.
[8]	Wisal B. Hassan., Habbaniand F. I and Shaded I. A., Investigations of environmental radioactivity in the northern state of Sudan, Sudan Journal of Science. (2013), 2 (5). 83-93.
[9]	Fadol N, Salih I, Idriss H, Elfaki A, Sam A. Investigation of natural radioactivity levels in soil samples from North Kordofan State, Sudan. Research Journal of Physical Sciences. (2015), 3 (7): 1-7.
[10]	Usman S. Surface soil factors and soil characteristics in geo-physical milieu of Kebbi State Nigeria. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science. 2016 Jan 1; 5 (3): 209-20.
[11]	Lu Y, Song S, Wang R, Liu Z, Meng J, Sweetman AJ, Jenkins A, Ferrier RC, Li H, Luo W, Wang T. Impacts of soil and water pollution on food safety and health risks in China. Environment international. 2015 Apr 1; vol 77: 5-15.
[12]	Tormena CA, Karlen DL, Logsdon S, Cherubin MR. Corn stover harvest and tillage impacts on near-surface soil physical quality. Soil and Tillage Research. 2017 Mar 31; vol 166: 122-30.
[13]	Bastida F, Zsolnay A, Hernández T, García C. Past, present and future of soil quality indices: a biological perspective. Geoderma. 2008 Oct 31; 147 (3-4): 159-71.
[14]	Karlen DL, Stott DE, Cambardella CA, Kremer RJ, King KW, McCarty GW. Surface soil quality in five idwestern cropland Conservation Effects Assessment Project watersheds. Journal of soil and water conservation. 2014 Sep 1; 69 (5): 393-401.
[15]	Franzluebbers AJ. Soil organic matter stratification ratio as an indicator of soil quality. Soil and Tillage Research. 2002 Jul 1; 66 (2): 95-106.
[16]	Min XI, Bingzi ZH, Xiying HA, ZHANG J. Soil quality in relation to agricultural production in the North China Plain. Pedosphere. 2015 Aug 1; 25 (4): 592-604.
[17]	Doran JW, Zeiss MR. Soil health and sustainability: managing the biotic component of soil quality. Applied soil ecology. 2000 Aug 1; 15 (1): 3-11.
[18]	PAVLIDIS, George; TSIHRINTZIS, Vassilios A. Environmental benefits and control of pollution to surface water and groundwater by agroforestry systems: a review. Water resources management, 2018, 32.1: 1-29.‏
[19]	Paz-Ferreiro J, Fu S. Biological indices for soil quality evaluation: perspectives and limitations. Land Degradation & Development. 2016 Jan; 27 (1): 14-25.
[20]	Jorge Paz-Ferreiro, Shenglei Fu. "Biological Indices for Soil Quality Evaluation: Perspectives and Limitations", Land Degradation & Development, 2013.
[21]	UNSCEAR (United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effect of Atomic Radiation) (2008) Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. Report to the General Assembly, New York, United Nation.
[22]	DIAB, H. M., et al. Evaluation of natural radioactivity in a cultivated area around a fertilizer factory. Journal of Nuclear and Radiation physics, 2008, 3.1: 53-62.‏
[23]	UNSCEAR. (2000). Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. United Nations scientific committee on the effects of atomic radiation. New York, USA: United Nations Publication.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Hafiz Fatelrahman Babeker Fadl Alla, Mahmoud Hamid Mmahmoud Hilo, Ahmed Al Hassan Alfaki. (2021). Detection of Activity Concentration, Dose Rate, Absorbed Dose and Effective Annual Dose of Radionuclide's Around Fertilizer and Pesticide Stores, Al-Jazeera Project in Sudan. Radiation Science and Technology, 7(3), 47-52. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Hafiz Fatelrahman Babeker Fadl Alla; Mahmoud Hamid Mmahmoud Hilo; Ahmed Al Hassan Alfaki. Detection of Activity Concentration, Dose Rate, Absorbed Dose and Effective Annual Dose of Radionuclide's Around Fertilizer and Pesticide Stores, Al-Jazeera Project in Sudan. Radiat. Sci. Technol. 2021, 7(3), 47-52. doi: 10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Hafiz Fatelrahman Babeker Fadl Alla, Mahmoud Hamid Mmahmoud Hilo, Ahmed Al Hassan Alfaki. Detection of Activity Concentration, Dose Rate, Absorbed Dose and Effective Annual Dose of Radionuclide's Around Fertilizer and Pesticide Stores, Al-Jazeera Project in Sudan. Radiat Sci Technol. 2021;7(3):47-52. doi: 10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11,
  author = {Hafiz Fatelrahman Babeker Fadl Alla and Mahmoud Hamid Mmahmoud Hilo and Ahmed Al Hassan Alfaki},
  title = {Detection of Activity Concentration, Dose Rate, Absorbed Dose and Effective Annual Dose of Radionuclide's Around Fertilizer and Pesticide Stores, Al-Jazeera Project in Sudan},
  journal = {Radiation Science and Technology},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {47-52},
  doi = {10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.rst.20210703.11},
  abstract = {This paper demonstrates the evaluation of radiological risk factors due to terrestrial radionuclides in soil, about the stores of pesticides and fertilizers for Al-Jazeera agricultural project in Al-Hasahisa, Sudan, to address the issue of the natural radioactivity of this area. Hence, levels of 226Ra, 232Th, 228Ra, 40K and 137Ci in the soil were calculated (by using germanium detector), and then the radiation risk parameters were calculated. its including radioactivity concentration Bq/kg, absorbed dose D, and effective annual dose E, its due to inhalation of radon (222Rn) and consumption of potassium (40K), radium (226Ra), radium (228Ra), thorium (232Th) and mean activity concentrations±deviation The norms for the five primitive radionuclides were, respectively, 268.98±5.22, 14.54±0.2, 15.31±1.54, 20.45±0.96, and 0.34±0.19 Bq kg-1. This results somewhat normal distribution of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. The results obtained indicate that some radiation risk factors appear to be unfavorable. The mean average absorbed dose±standard deviation (30.54±2.71) nGyh-1 was a slightly normal distribution of the average value of 30.54 nGy/ h, and the Average annual effective dose E (µSVyear-1)±standard deviation (37.48±3.32).) SVyear-1 was a slightly normalized distribution of the value of SVyear-1 its compared with the data of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. The study focuses light on the demand to develop a comprehensive program for radiation protection in Sudan and in agricultural projects that constantly use pesticides and fertilizers for regulatory oversight.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Detection of Activity Concentration, Dose Rate, Absorbed Dose and Effective Annual Dose of Radionuclide's Around Fertilizer and Pesticide Stores, Al-Jazeera Project in Sudan
AU  - Hafiz Fatelrahman Babeker Fadl Alla
AU  - Mahmoud Hamid Mmahmoud Hilo
AU  - Ahmed Al Hassan Alfaki
Y1  - 2021/07/10
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11
T2  - Radiation Science and Technology
JF  - Radiation Science and Technology
JO  - Radiation Science and Technology
SP  - 47
EP  - 52
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5943
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11
AB  - This paper demonstrates the evaluation of radiological risk factors due to terrestrial radionuclides in soil, about the stores of pesticides and fertilizers for Al-Jazeera agricultural project in Al-Hasahisa, Sudan, to address the issue of the natural radioactivity of this area. Hence, levels of 226Ra, 232Th, 228Ra, 40K and 137Ci in the soil were calculated (by using germanium detector), and then the radiation risk parameters were calculated. its including radioactivity concentration Bq/kg, absorbed dose D, and effective annual dose E, its due to inhalation of radon (222Rn) and consumption of potassium (40K), radium (226Ra), radium (228Ra), thorium (232Th) and mean activity concentrations±deviation The norms for the five primitive radionuclides were, respectively, 268.98±5.22, 14.54±0.2, 15.31±1.54, 20.45±0.96, and 0.34±0.19 Bq kg-1. This results somewhat normal distribution of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. The results obtained indicate that some radiation risk factors appear to be unfavorable. The mean average absorbed dose±standard deviation (30.54±2.71) nGyh-1 was a slightly normal distribution of the average value of 30.54 nGy/ h, and the Average annual effective dose E (µSVyear-1)±standard deviation (37.48±3.32).) SVyear-1 was a slightly normalized distribution of the value of SVyear-1 its compared with the data of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. The study focuses light on the demand to develop a comprehensive program for radiation protection in Sudan and in agricultural projects that constantly use pesticides and fertilizers for regulatory oversight.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Hafiz Fatelrahman Babeker Fadl Alla

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
Mahmoud Hamid Mmahmoud Hilo

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
Ahmed Al Hassan Alfaki

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Hafiz Fatelrahman Babeker Fadl Alla, Mahmoud Hamid Mmahmoud Hilo, Ahmed Al Hassan Alfaki. (2021). Detection of Activity Concentration, Dose Rate, Absorbed Dose and Effective Annual Dose of Radionuclide's Around Fertilizer and Pesticide Stores, Al-Jazeera Project in Sudan. Radiation Science and Technology, 7(3), 47-52. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Hafiz Fatelrahman Babeker Fadl Alla; Mahmoud Hamid Mmahmoud Hilo; Ahmed Al Hassan Alfaki. Detection of Activity Concentration, Dose Rate, Absorbed Dose and Effective Annual Dose of Radionuclide's Around Fertilizer and Pesticide Stores, Al-Jazeera Project in Sudan. Radiat. Sci. Technol. 2021, 7(3), 47-52. doi: 10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Hafiz Fatelrahman Babeker Fadl Alla, Mahmoud Hamid Mmahmoud Hilo, Ahmed Al Hassan Alfaki. Detection of Activity Concentration, Dose Rate, Absorbed Dose and Effective Annual Dose of Radionuclide's Around Fertilizer and Pesticide Stores, Al-Jazeera Project in Sudan. Radiat Sci Technol. 2021;7(3):47-52. doi: 10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11,
  author = {Hafiz Fatelrahman Babeker Fadl Alla and Mahmoud Hamid Mmahmoud Hilo and Ahmed Al Hassan Alfaki},
  title = {Detection of Activity Concentration, Dose Rate, Absorbed Dose and Effective Annual Dose of Radionuclide's Around Fertilizer and Pesticide Stores, Al-Jazeera Project in Sudan},
  journal = {Radiation Science and Technology},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {47-52},
  doi = {10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.rst.20210703.11},
  abstract = {This paper demonstrates the evaluation of radiological risk factors due to terrestrial radionuclides in soil, about the stores of pesticides and fertilizers for Al-Jazeera agricultural project in Al-Hasahisa, Sudan, to address the issue of the natural radioactivity of this area. Hence, levels of 226Ra, 232Th, 228Ra, 40K and 137Ci in the soil were calculated (by using germanium detector), and then the radiation risk parameters were calculated. its including radioactivity concentration Bq/kg, absorbed dose D, and effective annual dose E, its due to inhalation of radon (222Rn) and consumption of potassium (40K), radium (226Ra), radium (228Ra), thorium (232Th) and mean activity concentrations±deviation The norms for the five primitive radionuclides were, respectively, 268.98±5.22, 14.54±0.2, 15.31±1.54, 20.45±0.96, and 0.34±0.19 Bq kg-1. This results somewhat normal distribution of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. The results obtained indicate that some radiation risk factors appear to be unfavorable. The mean average absorbed dose±standard deviation (30.54±2.71) nGyh-1 was a slightly normal distribution of the average value of 30.54 nGy/ h, and the Average annual effective dose E (µSVyear-1)±standard deviation (37.48±3.32).) SVyear-1 was a slightly normalized distribution of the value of SVyear-1 its compared with the data of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. The study focuses light on the demand to develop a comprehensive program for radiation protection in Sudan and in agricultural projects that constantly use pesticides and fertilizers for regulatory oversight.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Detection of Activity Concentration, Dose Rate, Absorbed Dose and Effective Annual Dose of Radionuclide's Around Fertilizer and Pesticide Stores, Al-Jazeera Project in Sudan
AU  - Hafiz Fatelrahman Babeker Fadl Alla
AU  - Mahmoud Hamid Mmahmoud Hilo
AU  - Ahmed Al Hassan Alfaki
Y1  - 2021/07/10
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11
T2  - Radiation Science and Technology
JF  - Radiation Science and Technology
JO  - Radiation Science and Technology
SP  - 47
EP  - 52
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5943
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11
AB  - This paper demonstrates the evaluation of radiological risk factors due to terrestrial radionuclides in soil, about the stores of pesticides and fertilizers for Al-Jazeera agricultural project in Al-Hasahisa, Sudan, to address the issue of the natural radioactivity of this area. Hence, levels of 226Ra, 232Th, 228Ra, 40K and 137Ci in the soil were calculated (by using germanium detector), and then the radiation risk parameters were calculated. its including radioactivity concentration Bq/kg, absorbed dose D, and effective annual dose E, its due to inhalation of radon (222Rn) and consumption of potassium (40K), radium (226Ra), radium (228Ra), thorium (232Th) and mean activity concentrations±deviation The norms for the five primitive radionuclides were, respectively, 268.98±5.22, 14.54±0.2, 15.31±1.54, 20.45±0.96, and 0.34±0.19 Bq kg-1. This results somewhat normal distribution of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. The results obtained indicate that some radiation risk factors appear to be unfavorable. The mean average absorbed dose±standard deviation (30.54±2.71) nGyh-1 was a slightly normal distribution of the average value of 30.54 nGy/ h, and the Average annual effective dose E (µSVyear-1)±standard deviation (37.48±3.32).) SVyear-1 was a slightly normalized distribution of the value of SVyear-1 its compared with the data of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. The study focuses light on the demand to develop a comprehensive program for radiation protection in Sudan and in agricultural projects that constantly use pesticides and fertilizers for regulatory oversight.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download