Preparation and Characterization of Aloe Vera Extract Capped CdS Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic, Luminescence and Optical Studies

Bandaru Srinivasa Goud; Gudikandula Odelu; Keerthi Rajesh

doi:doi:10.11648/j.am.20261501.11

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Preparation and Characterization of Aloe Vera Extract Capped CdS Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic, Luminescence and Optical Studies

Bandaru Srinivasa Goud^*

, Gudikandula Odelu

, Keerthi Rajesh

Published in Advances in Materials (Volume 15, Issue 1)

Received: 24 December 2025 Accepted: 12 January 2026 Published: 2 February 2026

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Abstract

Green synthesis method is used to prepare the Cadmium Sulphide Nanoparticles (CdS NPs) using various cadmium salts. CdS NPs are prepared by using the Cadmium Chloride, Cadmium Nitrate along with Cadmium Sulphate additionally Sodium Sulphide as precursors and Aloe vera leaf gel extract is used as stabilizing agent. The materials are characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) technique to know its structure. The XRD trends display broad peaks at 2θ values of around 26.38˚, 29.84˚, 44.42˚, 51.96˚ and 71.14˚ which could be indexed to scattering from (111), (200), (220), (311) and (331) planes of cubic phase respectively of Cadmium Sulphide. The Band gap of the sample is found from UV-Visible absorbance spectroscopy and its value determined as 5.04 eV, 5.18 and 5.09 eV for the precursors cadmium chloride, cadmium nitrate and cadmium sulphate respectively apart from this cadmium sulphate precursor shows 3.58 eV that means there are two size distribution of NPs formed for cadmium sulphate precursor. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) as well as Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) techniques are employed to know the functional groups, morphology and elemental analysis of the as synthesized material. The average particle size of CdS NPs determined from TEM is around 3 nm for all the precursors and it is further confirmed by Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS).

Published in	Advances in Materials (Volume 15, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.am.20261501.11
Page(s)	1-13
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2026. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

CdS NPs, Aloe Vera, Environmentally Friendly Materials, Cadmium Nitrate, Cadmium Chloride, Cadmium Sulphate, Sodium Sulphide

References

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APA Style

Goud, B. S., Odelu, G., Rajesh, K. (2026). Preparation and Characterization of Aloe Vera Extract Capped CdS Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic, Luminescence and Optical Studies. Advances in Materials, 15(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20261501.11

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ACS Style

Goud, B. S.; Odelu, G.; Rajesh, K. Preparation and Characterization of Aloe Vera Extract Capped CdS Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic, Luminescence and Optical Studies. Adv. Mater. 2026, 15(1), 1-13. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20261501.11

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AMA Style

Goud BS, Odelu G, Rajesh K. Preparation and Characterization of Aloe Vera Extract Capped CdS Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic, Luminescence and Optical Studies. Adv Mater. 2026;15(1):1-13. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20261501.11

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@article{10.11648/j.am.20261501.11,
  author = {Bandaru Srinivasa Goud and Gudikandula Odelu and Keerthi Rajesh},
  title = {Preparation and Characterization of Aloe Vera Extract Capped CdS Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic, Luminescence and Optical Studies},
  journal = {Advances in Materials},
  volume = {15},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.am.20261501.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20261501.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.am.20261501.11},
  abstract = {Green synthesis method is used to prepare the Cadmium Sulphide Nanoparticles (CdS NPs) using various cadmium salts. CdS NPs are prepared by using the Cadmium Chloride, Cadmium Nitrate along with Cadmium Sulphate additionally Sodium Sulphide as precursors and Aloe vera leaf gel extract is used as stabilizing agent. The materials are characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) technique to know its structure. The XRD trends display broad peaks at 2θ values of around 26.38˚, 29.84˚, 44.42˚, 51.96˚ and 71.14˚ which could be indexed to scattering from (111), (200), (220), (311) and (331) planes of cubic phase respectively of Cadmium Sulphide. The Band gap of the sample is found from UV-Visible absorbance spectroscopy and its value determined as 5.04 eV, 5.18 and 5.09 eV for the precursors cadmium chloride, cadmium nitrate and cadmium sulphate respectively apart from this cadmium sulphate precursor shows 3.58 eV that means there are two size distribution of NPs formed for cadmium sulphate precursor. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) as well as Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) techniques are employed to know the functional groups, morphology and elemental analysis of the as synthesized material. The average particle size of CdS NPs determined from TEM is around 3 nm for all the precursors and it is further confirmed by Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS).},
 year = {2026}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Preparation and Characterization of Aloe Vera Extract Capped CdS Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic, Luminescence and Optical Studies
AU  - Bandaru Srinivasa Goud
AU  - Gudikandula Odelu
AU  - Keerthi Rajesh
Y1  - 2026/02/02
PY  - 2026
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20261501.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.am.20261501.11
T2  - Advances in Materials
JF  - Advances in Materials
JO  - Advances in Materials
SP  - 1
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-252X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20261501.11
AB  - Green synthesis method is used to prepare the Cadmium Sulphide Nanoparticles (CdS NPs) using various cadmium salts. CdS NPs are prepared by using the Cadmium Chloride, Cadmium Nitrate along with Cadmium Sulphate additionally Sodium Sulphide as precursors and Aloe vera leaf gel extract is used as stabilizing agent. The materials are characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) technique to know its structure. The XRD trends display broad peaks at 2θ values of around 26.38˚, 29.84˚, 44.42˚, 51.96˚ and 71.14˚ which could be indexed to scattering from (111), (200), (220), (311) and (331) planes of cubic phase respectively of Cadmium Sulphide. The Band gap of the sample is found from UV-Visible absorbance spectroscopy and its value determined as 5.04 eV, 5.18 and 5.09 eV for the precursors cadmium chloride, cadmium nitrate and cadmium sulphate respectively apart from this cadmium sulphate precursor shows 3.58 eV that means there are two size distribution of NPs formed for cadmium sulphate precursor. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) as well as Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) techniques are employed to know the functional groups, morphology and elemental analysis of the as synthesized material. The average particle size of CdS NPs determined from TEM is around 3 nm for all the precursors and it is further confirmed by Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS).
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Bandaru Srinivasa Goud

Department of Physics, Vivekananda Government Degree College (Autonomous), Hyderabad, India

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0252-5949
Gudikandula Odelu

Department of Botany,Government Degree College, Huzurabad, India

http://orcid.org/0009-0002-9715-4243
Keerthi Rajesh

Department of Physics,Sri Raja Rajeshwara Government Arts & Science College (Autonomous), Karimnagar, India

http://orcid.org/0009-0008-6022-5523

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APA Style

Goud, B. S., Odelu, G., Rajesh, K. (2026). Preparation and Characterization of Aloe Vera Extract Capped CdS Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic, Luminescence and Optical Studies. Advances in Materials, 15(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20261501.11

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ACS Style

Goud, B. S.; Odelu, G.; Rajesh, K. Preparation and Characterization of Aloe Vera Extract Capped CdS Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic, Luminescence and Optical Studies. Adv. Mater. 2026, 15(1), 1-13. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20261501.11

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AMA Style

Goud BS, Odelu G, Rajesh K. Preparation and Characterization of Aloe Vera Extract Capped CdS Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic, Luminescence and Optical Studies. Adv Mater. 2026;15(1):1-13. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20261501.11

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@article{10.11648/j.am.20261501.11,
  author = {Bandaru Srinivasa Goud and Gudikandula Odelu and Keerthi Rajesh},
  title = {Preparation and Characterization of Aloe Vera Extract Capped CdS Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic, Luminescence and Optical Studies},
  journal = {Advances in Materials},
  volume = {15},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.am.20261501.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20261501.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.am.20261501.11},
  abstract = {Green synthesis method is used to prepare the Cadmium Sulphide Nanoparticles (CdS NPs) using various cadmium salts. CdS NPs are prepared by using the Cadmium Chloride, Cadmium Nitrate along with Cadmium Sulphate additionally Sodium Sulphide as precursors and Aloe vera leaf gel extract is used as stabilizing agent. The materials are characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) technique to know its structure. The XRD trends display broad peaks at 2θ values of around 26.38˚, 29.84˚, 44.42˚, 51.96˚ and 71.14˚ which could be indexed to scattering from (111), (200), (220), (311) and (331) planes of cubic phase respectively of Cadmium Sulphide. The Band gap of the sample is found from UV-Visible absorbance spectroscopy and its value determined as 5.04 eV, 5.18 and 5.09 eV for the precursors cadmium chloride, cadmium nitrate and cadmium sulphate respectively apart from this cadmium sulphate precursor shows 3.58 eV that means there are two size distribution of NPs formed for cadmium sulphate precursor. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) as well as Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) techniques are employed to know the functional groups, morphology and elemental analysis of the as synthesized material. The average particle size of CdS NPs determined from TEM is around 3 nm for all the precursors and it is further confirmed by Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS).},
 year = {2026}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Preparation and Characterization of Aloe Vera Extract Capped CdS Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic, Luminescence and Optical Studies
AU  - Bandaru Srinivasa Goud
AU  - Gudikandula Odelu
AU  - Keerthi Rajesh
Y1  - 2026/02/02
PY  - 2026
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20261501.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.am.20261501.11
T2  - Advances in Materials
JF  - Advances in Materials
JO  - Advances in Materials
SP  - 1
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-252X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20261501.11
AB  - Green synthesis method is used to prepare the Cadmium Sulphide Nanoparticles (CdS NPs) using various cadmium salts. CdS NPs are prepared by using the Cadmium Chloride, Cadmium Nitrate along with Cadmium Sulphate additionally Sodium Sulphide as precursors and Aloe vera leaf gel extract is used as stabilizing agent. The materials are characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) technique to know its structure. The XRD trends display broad peaks at 2θ values of around 26.38˚, 29.84˚, 44.42˚, 51.96˚ and 71.14˚ which could be indexed to scattering from (111), (200), (220), (311) and (331) planes of cubic phase respectively of Cadmium Sulphide. The Band gap of the sample is found from UV-Visible absorbance spectroscopy and its value determined as 5.04 eV, 5.18 and 5.09 eV for the precursors cadmium chloride, cadmium nitrate and cadmium sulphate respectively apart from this cadmium sulphate precursor shows 3.58 eV that means there are two size distribution of NPs formed for cadmium sulphate precursor. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) as well as Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) techniques are employed to know the functional groups, morphology and elemental analysis of the as synthesized material. The average particle size of CdS NPs determined from TEM is around 3 nm for all the precursors and it is further confirmed by Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS).
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
ER  -

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