On the Evaluation of the Derived Khartoum Geoid Models

Kamal Abdellatif Sami; Ammar Mohammed Maryod Aborida

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12

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On the Evaluation of the Derived Khartoum Geoid Models

Kamal Abdellatif Sami, Ammar Mohammed Maryod Aborida

Published in American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 6 April 2023 Accepted: 8 May 2023 Published: 27 June 2023

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Abstract

This study was carried out to evaluate a newly developed local geoid model for the Khartoum State. Firstly, the geoid heights were obtained from the differences between observed WGS84 ellipsoidal heights and Khartoum State known orthometric heights. Secondly, the global well known EGM2008 geoid model was used to extract the geoid heights at 48 ground control stations, followed by generation of a geoid surface corrector. Thirdly, the geoid heights were also obtained by using an interpolation method. The three methods used for geoid determination were compared and evaluated. The geoid models’ uncertainties were evaluated at 6 test ground control points. The average difference between the derived geoid heights obtained from the geometrical geoid model, and their corresponding EGM2008 geoid heights was determined with a bias of about -0.28m. EGM2008 geoid model values in the area were corrected by the local bias value of 28 cm. The same known ground control points were used for the implementation of the interpolation geoid model. The differences between the geometrical geoid heights obtained from the differences between WGS84 ellipsoidal heights and orthometric heights at the given ground control points were compared with the geoid height values obtained from the improved local EGM2008 geoid and the interpolation method, the differences were found to be in the range of 4 cm and 5 cm respectively. This study showed that, the geoid heights in Khartoum State can be determined with the above two methods, namely the improved EGM2008 and the interpolation method with typical accuracy of better than 5cm.

Published in	American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12
Page(s)	21-26
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

GPS, GNSS, EGM2008, WGS84, UTM, ITRF2008, GDS, TBC

References

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[2]	Abdalla, K. A (2003). Datum Transformation and Geoid Determination effects in the Quality of Geodetic Control in Developing Countries. Presented in XXIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, Sapporo, Japan, Nov. 2003.
[3]	Abdalla, K. A (2006). Vertical Control Network of Al Ain Region. GIS development.net. Proceedings of Map Middle east 2006.
[4]	Fashir, H. H., Salih, A. B. and Abdalla, K. A. (1989)."The Transformation between the Doppler Co-ordinate system and the geodetic Co-ordinate system in Sudan". Published in Australian Journal of Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Surveying, Australia.
[5]	Featherstone, W. E, Denfith, M. C and Kirby, J. F (1998)). Strategies for the Accurate Determination of orthometric Heights from GPS. Survey review, 34, 267.
[6]	Tata Herbert and Eleje Sylvester Okiemute (2021). Determination of orthometric heights of points using gravimetric/GPS and geodetic levelling approaches. Indian Journal of Engineering, 18 (49), pp. 134-144. April 2021.
[7]	Zilkoski, R, B and Earlson, E, E. (2005): Guidelines for Establishing GPS – Derived orthometric heights. National Geodetic Survey, Maryland 20910.
[8]	Ahmed Zaki, Yasmeen Elberry, Hamad Al Ajami, Mostafa Rabah and Rasha Abd El Ghany (2022). Determination of Local geometric geoid model for Kuwait. Journal of Applied Geodesy. jag-July 2022-0017.
[9]	Eleje Sylvester Okiemute (2021). Verification of the consistency of the proposed transformation of global geoid method accuracy for local geoid model of Nigeria Determination. FUDMA Journal of Sciences. FUDMA Journal of Sciences, Vol. 5 No. 4 December, 2021, pp. 49-55.
[10]	Lars E. Sjöberg, Mohammad Bagherbandi (2017), Gravity Inversion and Integration Theory and Applications in Geodesy and Geophysics. Library of Congress Control Number: 2016963159, Springer International Publishing AG 2017.
[11]	Mirko Reguzzoni, Daniela Carrion, Carlo lapiege De Gaetani, Alberta AlBertella, Lorenzo Rossi, Glovanna Sona, Khulan Batsukh, Juan Fernando Toro Herrera,, Kirsten Elger, Riccardo barzaghi and Fernando Sanso (2021). Open Access to regional geoid Models: The International Service for the Geoid. Earth Syst. Sci data, 13, 1653-1666, 2021. Published by Copemicus Publications.
[12]	Ugo Falchi, Claudio Parente, Giuseppina Prezioso (2018). Global geoid adjustment on local area for GIS applications using GNSS Permanent Station Coordinates. Published by Vilnius Gediminas Technology University, Vol 44 No. 3 (2018).
[13]	Teunissen Montenbruck Editors (2017), Handbook of Global Navigation Satellite Systems. Springer International Publishing AG 2017.
[14]	Abdalla. K. A. Challenges of geodetic applications in Sudan. Sudan Survey Conference, Oct. 1996. (In Arabic), Khartoum- Sudan.
[15]	Abdalla, K. A. Geometrical Geodesy (in Arabic), University of Khartoum printing press. ISBN (129 – 2000). Supervised by Arabiazation Administration – University of Khartoum.
[16]	Abdalla, K. A. Vertical Control Network of Al Ain Region. Proceedings of Map Middle East 2006 Conference, Dubai World Trade Center, 26-29.
[17]	Kamal Abdellatif Abdalla Sami (2018), Sudan Reference System, Sudan national Survey Conference, Friendship hall, Khartoum- Sudan, November 2018.
[18]	W. Schofield and M. Breach (2007), Engineering Surveying Six edition, 2007, Published by Elsevier ltd.

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Kamal Abdellatif Sami, Ammar Mohammed Maryod Aborida. (2023). On the Evaluation of the Derived Khartoum Geoid Models. American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 8(2), 21-26. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12

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ACS Style

Kamal Abdellatif Sami; Ammar Mohammed Maryod Aborida. On the Evaluation of the Derived Khartoum Geoid Models. Am. J. Eng. Technol. Manag. 2023, 8(2), 21-26. doi: 10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12

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AMA Style

Kamal Abdellatif Sami, Ammar Mohammed Maryod Aborida. On the Evaluation of the Derived Khartoum Geoid Models. Am J Eng Technol Manag. 2023;8(2):21-26. doi: 10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12,
  author = {Kamal Abdellatif Sami and Ammar Mohammed Maryod Aborida},
  title = {On the Evaluation of the Derived Khartoum Geoid Models},
  journal = {American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {21-26},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajetm.20230802.12},
  abstract = {This study was carried out to evaluate a newly developed local geoid model for the Khartoum State. Firstly, the geoid heights were obtained from the differences between observed WGS84 ellipsoidal heights and Khartoum State known orthometric heights. Secondly, the global well known EGM2008 geoid model was used to extract the geoid heights at 48 ground control stations, followed by generation of a geoid surface corrector. Thirdly, the geoid heights were also obtained by using an interpolation method. The three methods used for geoid determination were compared and evaluated. The geoid models’ uncertainties were evaluated at 6 test ground control points. The average difference between the derived geoid heights obtained from the geometrical geoid model, and their corresponding EGM2008 geoid heights was determined with a bias of about -0.28m. EGM2008 geoid model values in the area were corrected by the local bias value of 28 cm. The same known ground control points were used for the implementation of the interpolation geoid model. The differences between the geometrical geoid heights obtained from the differences between WGS84 ellipsoidal heights and orthometric heights at the given ground control points were compared with the geoid height values obtained from the improved local EGM2008 geoid and the interpolation method, the differences were found to be in the range of 4 cm and 5 cm respectively. This study showed that, the geoid heights in Khartoum State can be determined with the above two methods, namely the improved EGM2008 and the interpolation method with typical accuracy of better than 5cm.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - On the Evaluation of the Derived Khartoum Geoid Models
AU  - Kamal Abdellatif Sami
AU  - Ammar Mohammed Maryod Aborida
Y1  - 2023/06/27
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12
T2  - American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management
JF  - American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management
JO  - American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management
SP  - 21
EP  - 26
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1441
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12
AB  - This study was carried out to evaluate a newly developed local geoid model for the Khartoum State. Firstly, the geoid heights were obtained from the differences between observed WGS84 ellipsoidal heights and Khartoum State known orthometric heights. Secondly, the global well known EGM2008 geoid model was used to extract the geoid heights at 48 ground control stations, followed by generation of a geoid surface corrector. Thirdly, the geoid heights were also obtained by using an interpolation method. The three methods used for geoid determination were compared and evaluated. The geoid models’ uncertainties were evaluated at 6 test ground control points. The average difference between the derived geoid heights obtained from the geometrical geoid model, and their corresponding EGM2008 geoid heights was determined with a bias of about -0.28m. EGM2008 geoid model values in the area were corrected by the local bias value of 28 cm. The same known ground control points were used for the implementation of the interpolation geoid model. The differences between the geometrical geoid heights obtained from the differences between WGS84 ellipsoidal heights and orthometric heights at the given ground control points were compared with the geoid height values obtained from the improved local EGM2008 geoid and the interpolation method, the differences were found to be in the range of 4 cm and 5 cm respectively. This study showed that, the geoid heights in Khartoum State can be determined with the above two methods, namely the improved EGM2008 and the interpolation method with typical accuracy of better than 5cm.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Kamal Abdellatif Sami

Department of Surveying Engineering, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
Ammar Mohammed Maryod Aborida

Department of Surveying Engineering, Omdurman Islamic University, Khartoum, Sudan

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APA Style

Kamal Abdellatif Sami, Ammar Mohammed Maryod Aborida. (2023). On the Evaluation of the Derived Khartoum Geoid Models. American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 8(2), 21-26. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12

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ACS Style

Kamal Abdellatif Sami; Ammar Mohammed Maryod Aborida. On the Evaluation of the Derived Khartoum Geoid Models. Am. J. Eng. Technol. Manag. 2023, 8(2), 21-26. doi: 10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12

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AMA Style

Kamal Abdellatif Sami, Ammar Mohammed Maryod Aborida. On the Evaluation of the Derived Khartoum Geoid Models. Am J Eng Technol Manag. 2023;8(2):21-26. doi: 10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12,
  author = {Kamal Abdellatif Sami and Ammar Mohammed Maryod Aborida},
  title = {On the Evaluation of the Derived Khartoum Geoid Models},
  journal = {American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {21-26},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajetm.20230802.12},
  abstract = {This study was carried out to evaluate a newly developed local geoid model for the Khartoum State. Firstly, the geoid heights were obtained from the differences between observed WGS84 ellipsoidal heights and Khartoum State known orthometric heights. Secondly, the global well known EGM2008 geoid model was used to extract the geoid heights at 48 ground control stations, followed by generation of a geoid surface corrector. Thirdly, the geoid heights were also obtained by using an interpolation method. The three methods used for geoid determination were compared and evaluated. The geoid models’ uncertainties were evaluated at 6 test ground control points. The average difference between the derived geoid heights obtained from the geometrical geoid model, and their corresponding EGM2008 geoid heights was determined with a bias of about -0.28m. EGM2008 geoid model values in the area were corrected by the local bias value of 28 cm. The same known ground control points were used for the implementation of the interpolation geoid model. The differences between the geometrical geoid heights obtained from the differences between WGS84 ellipsoidal heights and orthometric heights at the given ground control points were compared with the geoid height values obtained from the improved local EGM2008 geoid and the interpolation method, the differences were found to be in the range of 4 cm and 5 cm respectively. This study showed that, the geoid heights in Khartoum State can be determined with the above two methods, namely the improved EGM2008 and the interpolation method with typical accuracy of better than 5cm.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - On the Evaluation of the Derived Khartoum Geoid Models
AU  - Kamal Abdellatif Sami
AU  - Ammar Mohammed Maryod Aborida
Y1  - 2023/06/27
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12
T2  - American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management
JF  - American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management
JO  - American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management
SP  - 21
EP  - 26
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1441
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajetm.20230802.12
AB  - This study was carried out to evaluate a newly developed local geoid model for the Khartoum State. Firstly, the geoid heights were obtained from the differences between observed WGS84 ellipsoidal heights and Khartoum State known orthometric heights. Secondly, the global well known EGM2008 geoid model was used to extract the geoid heights at 48 ground control stations, followed by generation of a geoid surface corrector. Thirdly, the geoid heights were also obtained by using an interpolation method. The three methods used for geoid determination were compared and evaluated. The geoid models’ uncertainties were evaluated at 6 test ground control points. The average difference between the derived geoid heights obtained from the geometrical geoid model, and their corresponding EGM2008 geoid heights was determined with a bias of about -0.28m. EGM2008 geoid model values in the area were corrected by the local bias value of 28 cm. The same known ground control points were used for the implementation of the interpolation geoid model. The differences between the geometrical geoid heights obtained from the differences between WGS84 ellipsoidal heights and orthometric heights at the given ground control points were compared with the geoid height values obtained from the improved local EGM2008 geoid and the interpolation method, the differences were found to be in the range of 4 cm and 5 cm respectively. This study showed that, the geoid heights in Khartoum State can be determined with the above two methods, namely the improved EGM2008 and the interpolation method with typical accuracy of better than 5cm.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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