Physicochemical Analysis of Groundwater Samples in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State of Nigeria

Muhammad Sani Nahannu; Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai; Ibrahim Muhammad Shamsuddin; Usman Lawan Muhammad; Abba Shehu Yahaya; Abubakar Nuhu; Idris Imam Abdullahi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11

Physicochemical Analysis of Groundwater Samples in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State of Nigeria

Muhammad Sani Nahannu, Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai, Ibrahim Muhammad Shamsuddin, Usman Lawan Muhammad, Abba Shehu Yahaya, Abubakar Nuhu, Idris Imam Abdullahi

Published in Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering (Volume 5, Issue 6)

Received: 2 April 2017 Accepted: 12 May 2017 Published: 31 October 2017

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Abstract

The physic-chemical parameters of Groundwater from various locations in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State were analyzed using standard methods. The samples taken from ten different locations revealed that the study area has a mean of Alkalinity 79.0 mg/l, temp. 21.64°C, turbidity 5.9NTU, total hardness 65.54 mg/l, pH. 7.13, total dissolved solid 56.54 mg/l, conductivity 111.31 us/cm and total suspended solids 5.2mg/l. As the results indicated all the physicochemical parameters are within the maximum contaminant levels set by standard organization of Nigeria (SON), Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) and world health organization (WHO) except for turbidity level in Babawa and Dansarai sampling sites which are close to Wase Dam. However, since some of the results indicate high levels above the standard set by WHO, NSDWQ and SON safe limits there is the tendency of high potential health hazards to the inhabitants of the areas that uses these water sources for drinking and other domestic purpose without treatment. As the results indicated, some of the parameters analyzed showed higher concentration above the WHO, SON and NSDWQ contaminant level especially the sampling sites very closer to Wase Dam which is believed to be contaminated, the following steps are recommended for lowering the concentration, heating the water before used can remove the temporary hardness. Domestic and industrial waste should be properly disposed or recycled. Relevant agencies should make concerted effort to control, regulate and educate the community on indiscriminate waste disposal from domestic and industries within the study area and also further research should be carried out to assess the level of some other parameters.

Published in	Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering (Volume 5, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11
Page(s)	92-95
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Physico-chemical, Ground Water, Turbidity, Hardness, Conductivity

References

[1]	Bernard, E. and Ayeni N, (2012) ‘’Physicochemical analysis of groundwater samples of Bichi Local Government Area of Kano State of Nigeria’’, world Environment, Vol. 2 No. 6, pp. 116-2119. doi: 10.5923/j.env.20120206.02.
[2]	Kumar A, (2004) Water Pollution. Nisha Enterprises New Delhi.
[3]	Bruvold WH, Ongerth HJ: (1969) ‘’Taste Quality of Mineralized Water’’. Journal of the America Water works Association Vol. 61: 170.
[4]	Water System Council (2007) ‘’Wellcare Publications’’ Retrieved from www.wellcarehotline.org.
[5]	Oteze G. E (1991). Portability of groundwater from the Rima Group aquifers in the Sokoto Basin. J. Min. Geol., 27 (1): 17-24.
[6]	Ayodele, J. T and Abubakar, M. B, (1998). Trace Elements Contamination of Rainwater in the Semi-Arid Region of Kano. Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Management and Health, vol. 9, No. 4.
[7]	Trivedy, R. K. (1990) ‘’Physicochemical Characteristic and Phytoplankton of the River Panchganga’’. River Pollution in India Ashish Publishing House, New Delhi, pp. 159-178.
[8]	Oteze, G. E (1993) Tropical soil in Nigeria in Engineering, Groundwater level and groundwater Management. Balkema Rotterdam, Netherland p. 172.
[9]	M. D, Sa’eed, and Mahmoud A. M, (2014) “Determination of some physicochemical parameters and some heavy metals in boreholes from Fagge L. G. A of Kano Metropolis Kano State- Nigeria”. World journal of analytical chemistry, 2.2 pp 42-46.
[10]	Garba, M. A. 2008. Regeneration of Faidherbiaalbida in the farming system of Gezawa through natural reginaration. M. A Environmental Management Thesis, Department of Geography, Bayero University, Kano.
[11]	Asma, T. I., (1997). A qualitative assessment of farmed parkland tree regeneration. M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Geography, Bayero University, Kano.

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Muhammad Sani Nahannu, Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai, Ibrahim Muhammad Shamsuddin, Usman Lawan Muhammad, Abba Shehu Yahaya, et al. (2017). Physicochemical Analysis of Groundwater Samples in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State of Nigeria. Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering, 5(6), 92-95. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11

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ACS Style

Muhammad Sani Nahannu; Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai; Ibrahim Muhammad Shamsuddin; Usman Lawan Muhammad; Abba Shehu Yahaya, et al. Physicochemical Analysis of Groundwater Samples in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State of Nigeria. Adv. BioSci. Bioeng. 2017, 5(6), 92-95. doi: 10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11

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AMA Style

Muhammad Sani Nahannu, Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai, Ibrahim Muhammad Shamsuddin, Usman Lawan Muhammad, Abba Shehu Yahaya, et al. Physicochemical Analysis of Groundwater Samples in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State of Nigeria. Adv BioSci Bioeng. 2017;5(6):92-95. doi: 10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11

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@article{10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11,
  author = {Muhammad Sani Nahannu and Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai and Ibrahim Muhammad Shamsuddin and Usman Lawan Muhammad and Abba Shehu Yahaya and Abubakar Nuhu and Idris Imam Abdullahi},
  title = {Physicochemical Analysis of Groundwater Samples in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State of Nigeria},
  journal = {Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering},
  volume = {5},
  number = {6},
  pages = {92-95},
  doi = {10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.abb.20170506.11},
  abstract = {The physic-chemical parameters of Groundwater from various locations in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State were analyzed using standard methods. The samples taken from ten different locations revealed that the study area has a mean of Alkalinity 79.0 mg/l, temp. 21.64°C, turbidity 5.9NTU, total hardness 65.54 mg/l, pH. 7.13, total dissolved solid 56.54 mg/l, conductivity 111.31 us/cm and total suspended solids 5.2mg/l. As the results indicated all the physicochemical parameters are within the maximum contaminant levels set by standard organization of Nigeria (SON), Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) and world health organization (WHO) except for turbidity level in Babawa and Dansarai sampling sites which are close to Wase Dam. However, since some of the results indicate high levels above the standard set by WHO, NSDWQ and SON safe limits there is the tendency of high potential health hazards to the inhabitants of the areas that uses these water sources for drinking and other domestic purpose without treatment. As the results indicated, some of the parameters analyzed showed higher concentration above the WHO, SON and NSDWQ contaminant level especially the sampling sites very closer to Wase Dam which is believed to be contaminated, the following steps are recommended for lowering the concentration, heating the water before used can remove the temporary hardness. Domestic and industrial waste should be properly disposed or recycled. Relevant agencies should make concerted effort to control, regulate and educate the community on indiscriminate waste disposal from domestic and industries within the study area and also further research should be carried out to assess the level of some other parameters.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Physicochemical Analysis of Groundwater Samples in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State of Nigeria
AU  - Muhammad Sani Nahannu
AU  - Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai
AU  - Ibrahim Muhammad Shamsuddin
AU  - Usman Lawan Muhammad
AU  - Abba Shehu Yahaya
AU  - Abubakar Nuhu
AU  - Idris Imam Abdullahi
Y1  - 2017/10/31
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11
T2  - Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering
JF  - Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering
JO  - Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering
SP  - 92
EP  - 95
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4162
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11
AB  - The physic-chemical parameters of Groundwater from various locations in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State were analyzed using standard methods. The samples taken from ten different locations revealed that the study area has a mean of Alkalinity 79.0 mg/l, temp. 21.64°C, turbidity 5.9NTU, total hardness 65.54 mg/l, pH. 7.13, total dissolved solid 56.54 mg/l, conductivity 111.31 us/cm and total suspended solids 5.2mg/l. As the results indicated all the physicochemical parameters are within the maximum contaminant levels set by standard organization of Nigeria (SON), Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) and world health organization (WHO) except for turbidity level in Babawa and Dansarai sampling sites which are close to Wase Dam. However, since some of the results indicate high levels above the standard set by WHO, NSDWQ and SON safe limits there is the tendency of high potential health hazards to the inhabitants of the areas that uses these water sources for drinking and other domestic purpose without treatment. As the results indicated, some of the parameters analyzed showed higher concentration above the WHO, SON and NSDWQ contaminant level especially the sampling sites very closer to Wase Dam which is believed to be contaminated, the following steps are recommended for lowering the concentration, heating the water before used can remove the temporary hardness. Domestic and industrial waste should be properly disposed or recycled. Relevant agencies should make concerted effort to control, regulate and educate the community on indiscriminate waste disposal from domestic and industries within the study area and also further research should be carried out to assess the level of some other parameters.
VL  - 5
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Muhammad Sani Nahannu

Department of Chemistry, Sa’adatu Rimi College of Education, Kumbotso, Nigeria
Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai

Department of Chemistry, Sa’adatu Rimi College of Education, Kumbotso, Nigeria
Ibrahim Muhammad Shamsuddin

Department of Chemistry, Federal College of Education, Zaria, Nigeria
Usman Lawan Muhammad

Department of Chemistry, Alqalam University, Katsina, Nigeria
Abba Shehu Yahaya

Department of Chemistry, Sa’adatu Rimi College of Education, Kumbotso, Nigeria
Abubakar Nuhu

Department of Chemistry, Sa’adatu Rimi College of Education, Kumbotso, Nigeria
Idris Imam Abdullahi

Department of Biology, Sa’adatu Rimi College of Education, Kumbotso, Nigeria

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Muhammad Sani Nahannu, Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai, Ibrahim Muhammad Shamsuddin, Usman Lawan Muhammad, Abba Shehu Yahaya, et al. (2017). Physicochemical Analysis of Groundwater Samples in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State of Nigeria. Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering, 5(6), 92-95. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11

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ACS Style

Muhammad Sani Nahannu; Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai; Ibrahim Muhammad Shamsuddin; Usman Lawan Muhammad; Abba Shehu Yahaya, et al. Physicochemical Analysis of Groundwater Samples in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State of Nigeria. Adv. BioSci. Bioeng. 2017, 5(6), 92-95. doi: 10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11

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AMA Style

Muhammad Sani Nahannu, Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai, Ibrahim Muhammad Shamsuddin, Usman Lawan Muhammad, Abba Shehu Yahaya, et al. Physicochemical Analysis of Groundwater Samples in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State of Nigeria. Adv BioSci Bioeng. 2017;5(6):92-95. doi: 10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11

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@article{10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11,
  author = {Muhammad Sani Nahannu and Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai and Ibrahim Muhammad Shamsuddin and Usman Lawan Muhammad and Abba Shehu Yahaya and Abubakar Nuhu and Idris Imam Abdullahi},
  title = {Physicochemical Analysis of Groundwater Samples in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State of Nigeria},
  journal = {Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering},
  volume = {5},
  number = {6},
  pages = {92-95},
  doi = {10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.abb.20170506.11},
  abstract = {The physic-chemical parameters of Groundwater from various locations in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State were analyzed using standard methods. The samples taken from ten different locations revealed that the study area has a mean of Alkalinity 79.0 mg/l, temp. 21.64°C, turbidity 5.9NTU, total hardness 65.54 mg/l, pH. 7.13, total dissolved solid 56.54 mg/l, conductivity 111.31 us/cm and total suspended solids 5.2mg/l. As the results indicated all the physicochemical parameters are within the maximum contaminant levels set by standard organization of Nigeria (SON), Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) and world health organization (WHO) except for turbidity level in Babawa and Dansarai sampling sites which are close to Wase Dam. However, since some of the results indicate high levels above the standard set by WHO, NSDWQ and SON safe limits there is the tendency of high potential health hazards to the inhabitants of the areas that uses these water sources for drinking and other domestic purpose without treatment. As the results indicated, some of the parameters analyzed showed higher concentration above the WHO, SON and NSDWQ contaminant level especially the sampling sites very closer to Wase Dam which is believed to be contaminated, the following steps are recommended for lowering the concentration, heating the water before used can remove the temporary hardness. Domestic and industrial waste should be properly disposed or recycled. Relevant agencies should make concerted effort to control, regulate and educate the community on indiscriminate waste disposal from domestic and industries within the study area and also further research should be carried out to assess the level of some other parameters.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Physicochemical Analysis of Groundwater Samples in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State of Nigeria
AU  - Muhammad Sani Nahannu
AU  - Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai
AU  - Ibrahim Muhammad Shamsuddin
AU  - Usman Lawan Muhammad
AU  - Abba Shehu Yahaya
AU  - Abubakar Nuhu
AU  - Idris Imam Abdullahi
Y1  - 2017/10/31
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11
T2  - Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering
JF  - Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering
JO  - Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering
SP  - 92
EP  - 95
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4162
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20170506.11
AB  - The physic-chemical parameters of Groundwater from various locations in Gezawa Local Government Area of Kano State were analyzed using standard methods. The samples taken from ten different locations revealed that the study area has a mean of Alkalinity 79.0 mg/l, temp. 21.64°C, turbidity 5.9NTU, total hardness 65.54 mg/l, pH. 7.13, total dissolved solid 56.54 mg/l, conductivity 111.31 us/cm and total suspended solids 5.2mg/l. As the results indicated all the physicochemical parameters are within the maximum contaminant levels set by standard organization of Nigeria (SON), Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) and world health organization (WHO) except for turbidity level in Babawa and Dansarai sampling sites which are close to Wase Dam. However, since some of the results indicate high levels above the standard set by WHO, NSDWQ and SON safe limits there is the tendency of high potential health hazards to the inhabitants of the areas that uses these water sources for drinking and other domestic purpose without treatment. As the results indicated, some of the parameters analyzed showed higher concentration above the WHO, SON and NSDWQ contaminant level especially the sampling sites very closer to Wase Dam which is believed to be contaminated, the following steps are recommended for lowering the concentration, heating the water before used can remove the temporary hardness. Domestic and industrial waste should be properly disposed or recycled. Relevant agencies should make concerted effort to control, regulate and educate the community on indiscriminate waste disposal from domestic and industries within the study area and also further research should be carried out to assess the level of some other parameters.
VL  - 5
IS  - 6
ER  -

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