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Study of the Mechanical Behavior of Agbelouve Silty Sand Stabilized with Cement Used as a Roadway Layer in Southern Togo

Received: Aug. 17, 2019    Accepted: Sep. 05, 2019    Published: Sep. 19, 2019
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Abstract

Silty or slimy sand stabilized with cement is used as a base or foundation layer when good quality natural materials are not available nearby. However, its mechanical characteristics are far from being mastered. In this paper, mechanical characteristics at different ages of silty sand stabilized with cement at different rates are studied. For this, specimen of silty sand stabilized with cement at rates of 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5% are subjected to the Modified Proctor test and to the compressive and tensile strength tests at 7, 28, 60, 90 and 360 days of age. The results show that compressive and tensile strengths increase with age and cement rate. The study of the different correlations between the resistances allowed the theoretical estimation of the parameters of roadway dimensioning in particular the fatigue resistance under a million loading cycles and the design fatigue resistance.

DOI 10.11648/j.am.20190803.15
Published in Advances in Materials ( Volume 8, Issue 3, September 2019 )
Page(s) 127-131
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Silty Sand, Tensile Strength, Fatigue Resistance Under a Million Loading Cycles, Design Fatigue Resistance

References
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[2] NF P 94-056, Soil: investigation and testing-granulometric analysis-dry sieving method after washing. Association Française de Normalisation, March 1996.
[3] NF P 94-078, Soils: Investigation and tests-CBR after immersion-Immediate CBR-Immediate bearing ratio-Measurement on sample compacted in CBR mould. Association Française de Normalisation, May 1997.
[4] NF P 94-093 Soils: Investigation and testing-Determination of the compaction characteristics of a soil-Standard Proctor test-Modified Proctor test. Association Française de Normalisation, October 2014.
[5] NF P 98-113. Roadbeds: Sands treated with hydraulic and puzzolanic binders. Definition-Composition-Classification. Association Française de Normalisation, November 1994.
[6] NF P 98-114-2. Roadbeds Methodology of a laboratory study of materials treated with hydraulic binders. Part 2: Sands treated with hydraulic binders. Association Française de Normalisation, May 2009.
[7] NF P 98-114-3. Roadbeds Methodology of a laboratory study of materials treated with hydraulic binders. Part 3: Soils treated with hydraulic binders possibly associated with lime. Association Française de Normalisation, May 2009.
[8] NF P98-232-3. Determining the mechanical characteristics of materials treated with hydraulic binders. Indirect tensile strength test on sands and fine soils. Association Française de Normalisation, November 1997.
[9] NF EN 13286-53-Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures. Part 53: Methods for the manufacture of test specimens of hydraulically bound mixtures using axial compression. Association Française de Normalisation, May 2005.
[10] LCPC – SETRA, Design and dimensioning of road structures, technical guide, Conception et dimensionnement des structures de chaussée, guide technique, 1994.
[11] N. E. ABRIAK, D. WANG, R. ZENTAR1, Estimation of the long-term mechanical properties of Dunkerque sediments treated with lime or cement, Estimation des propriétés mécaniques à long terme des sédiments de Dunkerque traités à la chaux ou au ciment. Revue française de géotechnique, No: 142, 1er trimestre 2013, p 39-47.
[12] Scordia P. Y., Lafhaj Z., Skoczylas F, Mongeois F., Characterization and valorization in road technique of polluted and treated river sediments, Caractérisation et valorisation en technique routière de sédiments fluviaux pollués et traités. Revue européenne de génie civil, vol. 12, No: 9-10, 2008, p. 1087-1104.
[13] Joseph Abdo, Jean-Pierre Serfass, Earthworks and roadway courses: Treatment of soil with hydraulic binders, Terrassements et assises de chaussées; Traitement des sols aux liants hydrauliques, Collection Technique CIMBETON, Tome 70, november 2009.
[14] Nor-Edine Abriak, Mahfoud Benzerzour, Mouhamadou Amar, Abdeljalil Zri, Study of the potential of raw sediments and sediments treated with lime or cement for use in a foundation layer and the base layer of a roadway. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Vol: 10, No: 12, 2016, p 1680-1689.
[15] Md. Mahmud Hasan Mamun, Md. Firoz Mahmood Ovi, Farhana Akhter, Saurav Barua, Mohiuddin Ahmed, Thahomina Jahan Nipa. Improvement of Sub Base Soil Using Sand-Cement Stabilization. American Journal of Civil Engineering. Vol. 4, No. 5, 2016, pp. 241-246. Doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20160405.15.
[16] Reza Jamshidi Chenari, Behzad Fatahi, Ali Ghorbani and Mohsen Nasiri Alamoti. Evaluation of strength properties of cement stabilized sand mixed with EPS beads and fly ash. Geomechanics and Engineering Volume 14, Number 6, April 30 2018, p 533-544. Doi: https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2018.14.6.533.
[17] Molaabasi Hossein, Shooshpasha Issa. Evaluation of zeolite effect on strength of babolsar sand stabilized with cement using unconfined compression test. Modares Civil Engineering Journal. November 2016, Volume 16, Number 5 (supplement); p 203-213.
[18] Emmanuel Mengue, Hussein Mroueh, Laurent Lancelot, Robert Medjo Eko. Dimensioning of a foundation course based on a lateritic soil treated with cement at different dosages. Dimensionnement d’une assise de chaussée à base d’un sol latéritique traité au ciment à différents dosages. Rencontres Universitaires de Génie Civil, May 2015, Bayonne, France. hal-01167731.
[19] Bachir Melbouci. Comparative study of marl soil treatment with lime and cement in pavement layers. Etude comparative du traitement du sol marneux à la chaux et au ciment dans les couches de forme des chaussées. Communication Science & technology vol 18. January 2017, p 79-98.
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  • APA Style

    Abalo P’kla, Yawovi Mawuénya Xolali Dany Ayité. (2019). Study of the Mechanical Behavior of Agbelouve Silty Sand Stabilized with Cement Used as a Roadway Layer in Southern Togo. Advances in Materials, 8(3), 127-131. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20190803.15

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    ACS Style

    Abalo P’kla; Yawovi Mawuénya Xolali Dany Ayité. Study of the Mechanical Behavior of Agbelouve Silty Sand Stabilized with Cement Used as a Roadway Layer in Southern Togo. Adv. Mater. 2019, 8(3), 127-131. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20190803.15

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    AMA Style

    Abalo P’kla, Yawovi Mawuénya Xolali Dany Ayité. Study of the Mechanical Behavior of Agbelouve Silty Sand Stabilized with Cement Used as a Roadway Layer in Southern Togo. Adv Mater. 2019;8(3):127-131. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20190803.15

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  • @article{10.11648/j.am.20190803.15,
      author = {Abalo P’kla and Yawovi Mawuénya Xolali Dany Ayité},
      title = {Study of the Mechanical Behavior of Agbelouve Silty Sand Stabilized with Cement Used as a Roadway Layer in Southern Togo},
      journal = {Advances in Materials},
      volume = {8},
      number = {3},
      pages = {127-131},
      doi = {10.11648/j.am.20190803.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20190803.15},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.am.20190803.15},
      abstract = {Silty or slimy sand stabilized with cement is used as a base or foundation layer when good quality natural materials are not available nearby. However, its mechanical characteristics are far from being mastered. In this paper, mechanical characteristics at different ages of silty sand stabilized with cement at different rates are studied. For this, specimen of silty sand stabilized with cement at rates of 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5% are subjected to the Modified Proctor test and to the compressive and tensile strength tests at 7, 28, 60, 90 and 360 days of age. The results show that compressive and tensile strengths increase with age and cement rate. The study of the different correlations between the resistances allowed the theoretical estimation of the parameters of roadway dimensioning in particular the fatigue resistance under a million loading cycles and the design fatigue resistance.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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    AB  - Silty or slimy sand stabilized with cement is used as a base or foundation layer when good quality natural materials are not available nearby. However, its mechanical characteristics are far from being mastered. In this paper, mechanical characteristics at different ages of silty sand stabilized with cement at different rates are studied. For this, specimen of silty sand stabilized with cement at rates of 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5% are subjected to the Modified Proctor test and to the compressive and tensile strength tests at 7, 28, 60, 90 and 360 days of age. The results show that compressive and tensile strengths increase with age and cement rate. The study of the different correlations between the resistances allowed the theoretical estimation of the parameters of roadway dimensioning in particular the fatigue resistance under a million loading cycles and the design fatigue resistance.
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Author Information
  • Civil Engineering Department, Higher National School of Engineers, University of Lome, Lome, Togo

  • Civil Engineering Department, Higher National School of Engineers, University of Lome, Lome, Togo

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